"Of Heaven and Earth: 500 Years of Italian Painting from Glasgow Museums" at the Oklahoma City Museum of Art

Giovanni Bellini, Virgin and Child, ca. 1480–85. Oil and tempera on panel;37 15⁄16 x 31 13⁄16 in. Glasgow Museums; Bequeathed by Mrs. John Graham-Gilbert, 1877. © CSG CIC Glasgow Museums Collections. Photo courtesy American Federation of Arts.

OKLAHOMA CITY, OK.- This fall visitors have an unprecedented opportunity to view some of the greatest works in the history of Italian art as the Oklahoma City Museum of Art presents Of Heaven and Earth: 500 Years of Italian Painting from Glasgow Museums. This remarkable exhibition opened its North American tour in Oklahoma City on August 24, closing November 17. The paintings dramatically illustrate the great achievements in Italian art from the late Middle Ages through the Renaissance and the nineteenth century.

“The Glasgow collection is one of the finest in Northern Europe,” said President and CEO E. Michael Whittington. “The scope and quality of the Italian paintings is phenomenal and I am deeply honored that the Oklahoma City Museum of Art is able to present these masterworks to our community.” 

Organized into five chronological sections, Of Heaven and Earth will include paintings originating from the principal artistic centers of Italy— Rome, Milan, Bologna, Florence, Siena, Naples, and Venice—and will present the masterworks of Giovanni Bellini, Sandro Bottticelli, Domenichino, Francesco Guardi, Salvator Rosa, and Titian, alongside those of lesser-known masters. 

The exhibition begins with early religious works in the section titled Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries: Tradition and Discovery. Most of the paintings of this period were meant to convey Biblical narratives to a largely illiterate public, to inspire prayer, and to demonstrate the devotion of the paintings’ patrons. The earliest work shown here is Niccolo di Buonaccorso’s St. Lawrence (ca. 1370-75). Among the works in the section are Sandro Botticelli’s Annunciation (1490-95) – notable for the artist’s use of mathematical perspective – and the exquisite Virgin and Child (ca. 1480-85) by Giovanni Bellini, who played a major role in advancing the use of luminous oil paints. 

Titian’s Christ and the Adulteress (ca. 1508-10) is the focal point of the section, The Sixteenth Century: Towards a New Beauty. This key work in Titian scholarship is one of his few early works that can be seen outside of Italy. As with many Renaissance paintings, this large masterpiece was cut down at some point. In 1971, the Glasgow Museums was able to purchase Head of Man, originally part of the upper right hand corner. Of Heaven and Earth will reunite the works for the first time in the United States. Following the High Renaissance style of Titian, the next generation of sixteenth century Italian painters looked toward the more artificially stylized and elegance beauty of mannerism. Highlights include Cavalier d’Arpino’s The Archangel Michael and the Rebel Angels (ca. 1592-93). 

The Seventeenth Century: Rhetoric and Realism presents the two contrasting, predmoninant styles of the seventeenth century – the theatrical Baroque of Antiveduto Gramatica’s Virgin and Child with St. Anne (ca. 1614-17), and the classicism of Sassoferrato’s Virgin and Child with St. Anne and the Infant St. John the Baptist (ca. 1640s). This section also features masterworks of landscape painting by Domenichino and Salvator Roasa. Roasa’s sublime landscapes contrast with the meticulously constructed and serene composition of the ideal classical landscape rendered by Domenichino. 

The Eighteenth Century: Age of Elegance illustrates the emergence of landscape as a subject in itself, a development aided by an increase in travel during the period. While on the fashionable Grand Tour, British visitors in particular flocked to Italy to see ancient Roman ruins as well as Renaissance and Baroque masterpieces. There they sought out Italian landscape paintings such as Andrea Locatelli’s Landscape with Fisherman (ca. 1730) and Francesco Guardi’s View of San Giorgio Maggiore, Venice (ca. 1760) as prestigious souvenirs from their travels. 

The final section, The Nineteenth Century: Patriotism and Genre, presents an eclectic array of Italian art during this era of national unification and modernization. Vincenzo Camuccini’s The Death of Julius Caesar and Roman Women Offering their Jewelry in Defense of the State (both ca. 1825-29) portray narratives from antiquity while also reflecting the politically volatile climate of Italy in the late 1820s. Camuccini, the leading painter in early nineteenth century Italy, developed his style by studying the art of the Italian old masters, such as Domenichino, Titian, and other artists featured in the exhibition. 

The remarkable regional and historical breadth of the exhibition will also showcase the outstanding quality of Glasgow Museums’ collection. The exhibition is organized by the American Federation of Arts and Glasgow Museums. The exhibition tour is generously supported by the JFM Foundation and the Donald and Maria Cox Charitable Fund. This exhibition is supported by an indemnity from the Federal Council on the Arts and Humanities. In-kind support is provided by Barbara and Richard S. Lane and Christie’s. 

After leaving the Oklahoma City Museum of Art, Of Heaven and Earth will travel to the following museums:

• Art Gallery of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada: December 13, 2013–March 9, 2014

• Everson Museum of Art, Syracuse, NY: April 17–July 13, 2014

• Milwaukee Art Museum: October 1, 2014–January 4, 2015

• Santa Barbara Museum of Art: February 6–May 3, 2015 

Sandro Botticelli, The Annunciation (c.1490-1495). Oil, tempera and gold leaf on walnut panel © CSG CIC Glasgow Museums Collection. Photo courtesy American Federation of Arts.

Giovanni Bellini, Madonna and Child (c.1480-1485). Tempera and oil on panel © CSG CIC Glasgow Museums Collection. Photo courtesy American Federation of Arts.

 

Titian, Head of a Man (c.1508-10). Oil on canvas © CSG CIC Glasgow Museums Collection. Photo courtesy American Federation of Arts.

Titian, Christ and the Adulteress, ca. 1508–10. Oil on canvas; 72 1⁄4 x 89 in. Glasgow Museums; Bequeathed by Archibald McLellan, 1854 © CSG CIC Glasgow Museums Collection. Photo courtesy American Federation of Arts.

Bartolomeo Veneto, Sta Catherine (c.1520). Oil on panel © Glasgow City Council (Glasgow Museums) 2012. Photo courtesy American Federation of Arts.

Giuseppe Cesari (called Il Cavalier d’Arpino), The Archangel Michael and the Rebel Angels, ca. 1592–93. Oil on copper; 32 1⁄16 x 25 11⁄16 in. Glasgow Museums; Bequeathed by Archibald McLellan, 1854. © CSG CIC Glasgow Museums Collections. Photo courtesy American Federation of Arts.

Domenichino, Landscape with St. Jerome, circa 1610. Oil on canvas © CSG CIC Glasgow Museums Collection. Photo courtesy American Federation of Arts.

Carlo Dolci, Adoration of the Magi, ca. 1633–34. Oil on canvas; 58 1⁄8 x 44 11⁄16 in. Glasgow Museums; Bequeathed by Archibald McLellan, 1854 © CSG CIC Glasgow Museums Collection. Photo courtesy American Federation of Arts. 

Antonio Balestra, Justice and Peace Embracing, ca. 1700. Oil on canvas, 42 x 55 1/4 in. (106.8 x 140.3 cm). Bequeathed by Archibald McLellan, 1856 (266) © CSG CIC Glasgow Museums Collection. Photo courtesy American Federation of Arts.

Andrea Casali, Triumph of Galatea, circa 1740-65. Oil on canvas © CSG CIC Glasgow Museums Collection. Photo courtesy American Federation of Arts.

Francesco Guardi, View of San Giorgio Maggiore, Venice, c.1760. Oil on canvas © CSG CIC Glasgow Museums Collection. Photo courtesy American Federation of Arts.

Vincenzo Camuccini, Death of Julius Caesar, circa 1825-29. Oil on canvas © CSG CIC Glasgow Museums Collection. Photo courtesy American Federation of Arts.

Luiga da Rios, Overlooking a canal, 1886. Oil on canvas© CSG CIC Glasgow Museums Collection. Photo courtesy American Federation of Arts.